III. Major Valley

Himachal Pradesh is characterized by a variety of valleys, each with distinct geographical and cultural features. These valleys have historically supported human settlements and shaped the region’s way of life.

  • River-Formed Valleys:
    • Satluj Valley: Carved by the Satluj River, extending from Shipki to Bilaspur, and traversing several Himalayan ranges.
    • Kullu Valley: Created by the Beas River between Mandi and Larji, known for its scenic beauty.
    • Chamba Valley (Ravi Valley): Formed by the Ravi River, offering diverse landscapes.
    • Lahaul and Spiti Valleys: Lahaul is shaped by the Chandra and Bhaga rivers, while Spiti is formed by the Spiti River, both exhibiting high-altitude, rugged terrain.
    • Pabbar Valley (Rohru Valley): Drained by the Pabbar River and its tributaries.
  • Other Notable Valleys:
    • Kiarda-dun Valley (Paonta Valley): Located in the southeastern part of the state, also referred to as Paonta Valley.
    • Kangra Valley: A large valley between the Dhauladhar range and the Shivalik hills.
    • Balh Valley (Sundernagar Valley): A broad, open valley.
    • Baspa Valley (Sangla Valley): Formed by the Baspa River in Kinnaur, known for its lush greenery.

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