1. Physics and Astronomy
- दिन और रात होते हैं पृथ्वी के (Day and night are caused by Earth’s…)
(a) घूर्णन से (rotation)
(b) परिक्रमा रो (revolution)
(c) झुकाव से (tilt)
(d) ग्रह पथ पर घूमने से (movement on orbital path)
Answer: (a) घूर्णन से (rotation)
Explanation: The rotation of the Earth on its axis is what causes the cycle of day and night. - आकाश का रंग नीला है, क्योंकि- (The sky is blue because…)
(a) विभिन्न प्रकाशो का मेल नीला रंग उत्पन्न करता है (the combination of various lights produces blue color)
(b) प्रकाश का बिखराव धूल कणों द्वारा (scattering of light by dust particles)
(c) दोनों ही (both)
(d) इनमें से कोई नहीं (none of these)
Answer: (b) प्रकाश का बिखराव धूल कणों द्वारा (scattering of light by dust particles)
Explanation: The sky appears blue due to Rayleigh scattering, where the Earth’s atmosphere scatters blue light from the sun more than other colors. - सूर्यग्रहण तब होता है, जब- (A solar eclipse occurs when…)
(a) पृथ्वी, सूर्य और चन्द्रमा के बीच आ जाती है (The Earth comes between the Sun and the Moon)
(b) चन्द्रमा, पृथ्वी के समकोण बनाता है (The Moon makes a right angle to the Earth)
(c) चन्द्रमा, सूर्य व पृथ्वी के बीच में आ जाता है (The Moon comes between the Sun and the Earth)
(d) सूर्य, पृथ्वी व चन्द्रमा के बीच में आ जाता है (The Sun comes between the Earth and the Moon)
Answer: (c) चन्द्रमा, सूर्य व पृथ्वी के बीच में आ जाता है (The Moon comes between the Sun and the Earth)
Explanation: A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between the Sun and Earth, casting a shadow on Earth. - भारतीय कैलेण्डर की तिथि के अनुसार चन्द्रग्रहण किस दिन पड़ता है? (According to the Indian calendar, on which day does a lunar eclipse occur?)
(a) पूर्णिमा के दिन (On a full moon day)
(b) अमावस्या के दिन (On a new moon day)
(c) महीने के पहले दिन (On the first day of the month)
(d) कोई निश्चित दिन नहीं (No fixed day)
Answer: (a) पूर्णिमा के दिन (On a full moon day)
Explanation: A lunar eclipse can only occur during a full moon (Purnima), when the Earth passes directly between the Sun and the Moon. - चन्द्रमा और पृथ्वी में समानता यह है कि ये समी (The similarity between the Moon and the Earth is that they all)
(a) प्रकृति की देन हैं (are gifts of nature)
(b) आकाशीय पिण्ड है (are celestial bodies)
(c) गोलाकार हैं (are spherical)
(d) प्रकाश फेंकते हैं (emit light)
Answer: (b) आकाशीय पिण्ड है (are celestial bodies)
Explanation: Both the Moon and the Earth are celestial bodies, which are natural objects located in space. - निम्नलिखित में से किसने यह स्पष्ट किया कि पृथ्वी सूरज के चारों तरफ घूमती है? (Who among the following clarified that the Earth revolves around the Sun?)
(a) आर्यभट्ट (Aryabhata)
(b) वात्सयान (Vatsyayana)
(c) सुसरुता (Sushruta)
(d) विष्णु गुप्त (Vishnu Gupta)
Answer: (a) आर्यभट्ट (Aryabhata)
Explanation: The ancient Indian astronomer Aryabhata proposed a heliocentric model where the Earth spins on its axis and revolves around the Sun. - रियक्टर पैमाने से नापे जाते हैं- (The Richter scale measures…)
(a) भूचाल (Earthquake)
(b) समुद्र की गहराई (Depth of the sea)
(c) हवा की तीव्रता (Intensity of wind)
(d) नमी (Humidity)
Answer: (a) भूचाल (Earthquake)
Explanation: The Richter scale is used to measure the magnitude or intensity of an earthquake (भूचाल). - रिएक्टर स्केल का प्रयोग होता है- (The Richter scale is used for-)
(a) भूकम्प की तीव्रता में (For the intensity of an earthquake)
(b) समुद्र की गहराई नापने में (To measure the depth of the sea)
(c) वायु का वेग मापने में (To measure the speed of wind)
(d) शरीर का तापमान मापने में (To measure body temperature)
Answer: (a) भूकम्प की तीव्रता में (For the intensity of an earthquake)
Explanation: The Richter scale is a logarithmic scale used to measure the magnitude, or the amount of energy released, during an earthquake. - सूर्य की ऊर्जा का स्रोत है- (The source of the Sun’s energy is-)
(a) यूरेनियम विखण्डन (Uranium fission)
(b) हीलियम विखण्डन (Helium fission)
(c) हाइड्रोजन विखण्डन (Hydrogen fission)
(d) हाइड्रोजन संयोजन (Hydrogen fusion)
Answer: (d) हाइड्रोजन संयोजन (Hydrogen fusion)
Explanation: The Sun’s energy is produced by nuclear fusion, a process where hydrogen nuclei combine under immense heat and pressure to form helium. - ‘सफेद कोयला’ निम्न में से क्या है? (‘White coal’ is which of the following?)
(a) हीरा (Diamond)
(b) जल विद्युत (Hydroelectricity)
(c) यूरेनियम (Uranium)
(d) बर्फ (Ice)
Answer: (b) जल विद्युत (Hydroelectricity)
Explanation: The term ‘white coal’ is historically used to describe hydroelectric power, contrasting it with traditional “black coal”. - Which of the following is a non-conventional source of energy?
(A) Oil
(B) Coal
(C) Bio-gas
(D) None of these
Answer: (C) Bio-gas
Explanation: Bio-gas is a renewable, non-conventional energy source, unlike fossil fuels like oil and coal. - वायु के वेग का सम्बन्ध निम्न में से किससे है? (Wind speed is related to which of the following?)
(a) पृथ्वी के परिक्रमण से (From Earth’s revolution)
(b) पृथ्वी के परिभ्रमण से (From Earth’s rotation)
(c) ताप से (From temperature)
(d) दाब प्रवणता से (From pressure gradient)
Answer: (d) दाब प्रवणता से (From pressure gradient)
Explanation: Wind is caused by air moving from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure, with its speed being directly proportional to the pressure gradient. - A fixed orbit in space in relation to earth is called 1
(a) Geological
(b) Geo-synchronous
(c) Geo-centric
(d) Geo-stationary
Answer: (d) Geo-stationary
Explanation: A ‘geostationary’ orbit is a specific type of circular geosynchronous orbit directly above the Earth’s equator, where a satellite’s orbital period matches Earth’s rotation period, causing it to appear fixed in the sky from the ground.
2. Chemistry and Materials
This section covers questions about materials, inventions, and chemical properties.
- निम्नलिखित में से कौन सी चट्टान संगमरमर में परिवर्तित हो जाती है? (Which of the following rocks transforms into marble?)
(a) चूना पत्थर (Limestone)
(b) स्फटिक पत्थर (Quartz stone)
(c) पास (Paas)
(d) परतदार पत्थर (Sedimentary rock)
Answer: (a) चूना पत्थर (Limestone)
Explanation: Marble is a metamorphic rock formed when limestone is subjected to heat and pressure. - निम्नलिखित में से कौन रूपान्तरित चट्टान है? (Which of the following is a metamorphic rock?)
(a) बसाल्ट (Basalt)
(b) रलेट (Slate)
(c) बलुआ पत्थर (Sandstone)
(d) ग्रेनाइट (Granite)
Answer: (b) रलेट (Slate)
Explanation: Slate is a metamorphic rock formed from the alteration of shale or mudstone by low-grade regional metamorphism. - Gunpowder was invented by:
(A) Alfred Nobel
(B) Roger Bacon
(C) Alexander Fleming
(D) Albert Einstein
Answer: (B) Roger Bacon
Explanation: Roger Bacon, an English philosopher, is often credited with being one of the first Europeans to document the formula for gunpowder. - Which of the following is not a radioactive material?
(a) Radium
(b) Sodium
(c) Plutonium
(d) Thorium
Answer: (b) Sodium
Explanation: Sodium is a stable alkali metal, whereas radium, plutonium, and thorium are well-known radioactive elements.
3. Biology and Life Science
This section includes questions about the human body, plant biology, and general life sciences.
- Flat bones are found in:
(A) Legs
(B) Chest
(C) Skull
(D) Neck
Answer: (C) Skull
Explanation: Flat bones, which provide protection, are found in the skull, pelvis, sternum, and rib cage. - The number of chromosomes in the human body is:
(A) 42
(B) 44
(C) 46
(D) 48
Answer: (C) 46
Explanation: A normal human cell has 23 pairs of chromosomes, for a total of 46 chromosomes. - सामान्यतः पाँच वर्ष के बच्चे के कितने दाँत होते हैं? (Generally, how many teeth does a five-year-old child have?)
(a)6
(b)8
(c) 20
(d) 24
Answer: (c) 20
Explanation: By the age of three, most children have all 20 of their primary (baby) teeth, which they retain through age five. - अल्कोहल के अत्यधिक लेने से कौन-सी कोशिकाएँ नष्ट होती हैं? (Excessive consumption of alcohol destroys which cells?)
(a) हृदय कोशिकाएँ (Heart cells)
(b) यकृत कोशिकाएँ (Liver cells)
(c) स्नायु कोशिकाएँ (Nerve cells)
(d) फेफड़े की कोशिकाएँ (Lung cells)
Answer: (b) यकृत कोशिकाएँ (Liver cells)
Explanation: Excessive alcohol consumption leads to alcohol-related liver disease (ARLD), where liver cells are damaged and destroyed by inflammation and toxins. - पौधे की कोशिका जानवर की कोशिका से निम्नलिखित कारण से भिन्न होती है- (A plant cell differs from an animal cell for the following reason-)
(a) नाभिक के कारण (Because of the nucleus)
(b) कोशिकीय झिल्ली के कारण (Because of the cell membrane)
(c) क्लोरोप्लास्ट के कारण (Because of the chloroplast)
(d) कोशिकीय दीवार के कारण (Because of the cell wall)
Answer: (d) कोशिकीय दीवार के कारण (Because of the cell wall)
Explanation: Plant cells have a rigid cell wall outside the cell membrane for structural support, which animal cells lack. - पौधे नाइट्रोजन कहाँ से लेते हैं? (From where do plants get nitrogen?)
(a) नाइट्रेट रूप में (In the form of nitrate)
(b) नाइट्रोजन के रूप में (In the form of nitrogen)
(c) नाइट्राइट के रूप में (In the form of nitrite)
(d) नाइट्रोजन ऑक्साइड के रूप में। (In the form of nitrogen oxide)
Answer: (a) नाइट्रेट रूप में (In the form of nitrate)
Explanation: Plants primarily absorb nitrogen from the soil in the form of nitrate (NO₃⁻) and ammonium (NH₄⁺) ions. - दूध में वसा की मात्रा किस मौसम में कम हो जाती है? (In which season does the fat content in milk decrease?)
(a) गर्मी में (In summer)
(b) जाड़े में (In winter)
(c) बरसात में (In rainy season)
(d) उपर्युक्त किसी मौसम में नहीं। (In none of the above seasons)
Answer: (a) गर्मी में (In summer)
Explanation: Studies show that milk fat content is generally lowest in the summer months due to factors like heat stress on cows. - Which of the following food item is not a source of vitamin ‘C’?
(a) Potato
(b) Mango
(c) Fish
(d) Carrot.
Answer: (c) Fish
Explanation: Vitamin C is primarily found in fruits and vegetables. Fish is a source of protein and omega-3 fatty acids but is not a significant source of Vitamin C. - Transparent fluid occupying the space between the lens and the cornea of the eye is called-
(a) Aqueous humour
(b) Visual yellow
(c) Visual purple
(d) Retinal fluid.
Answer: (a) Aqueous humour
Explanation: The ‘aqueous humour’ is the clear, watery fluid that fills the space in the front part of the eye between the cornea and the lens, providing nutrients and maintaining intraocular pressure. - The unit or building stone of the nervous system is 1
(a) The neuron
(b) The axon
(c) the dendrite
(d) None of the above
Answer: (d) None of the above
Explanation: The provided answer is (d). However, the fundamental structural and functional unit of the nervous system is the neuron. This indicates an error in the original answer key. - ‘The theory of evolution’ claims that the origin of human life is from-
(a) A molecule
(b) An atom
(c) A cell
(d) A neutron.
Answer: (c) A cell
Explanation: The theory of evolution posits that all life, including human life, originated from simple cellular organisms. - What determines heredity?
(a) Cells
(b) Genes
(c) Nucleus
(d) Neurons.
Answer: (b) Genes
Explanation: Genes are the basic units of heredity, carrying genetic information from one generation to the next. - With which one of the following schools of thought is the name of Darwin associated?
(a) Biological naturalism,
(b) Romantic naturalism,
(c) Subjective idealism,
(d) Objective idealism,
Answer: (a) Biological naturalism,
Explanation: Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection is a cornerstone of biological naturalism, which seeks to explain the living world and its development through natural processes without recourse to supernatural explanations.
4. Technology and Inventions
This section covers questions about satellites, nuclear technology, and other technological advancements.
- The first Indian satellite was:
(A) Aryabhatta
(B) Bhaskara-I
(C) Rohini
(D) INSAT-IA
Answer: (A) Aryabhatta
Explanation: Aryabhata was India’s first satellite, launched on 19 April 1975. - The first atomic power station was set up at:
(A) Surat (Gujarat)
(B) Tarapur (Maharashtra)
(C) Trombay (Maharashtra)
(D) Solapur (Maharashtra)
Answer: (B) Tarapur (Maharashtra)
Explanation: The Tarapur Atomic Power Station, commissioned in 1969, was India’s first commercial nuclear power station. - कलपक्कम स्थित फास्ट ब्रीडर रिएक्टर में कौन-सा शीतल coolant प्रयोग होता है- (Which coolant is used in the Fast Breeder Reactor at Kalpakkam?)
(a) कार्बन डाई ऑक्साइड (Carbon dioxide)
(b) गुरू जल (Heavy water)
(c) द्रव सोडियम (Liquid sodium)
(d) समुद्री जल (Sea water)
Answer: (c) द्रव सोडियम (Liquid sodium)
Explanation: The Prototype Fast Breeder Reactor (PFBR) at Kalpakkam uses liquid sodium as a coolant due to its excellent heat transfer properties. - Zero was invented by:
(A) Varahamihira
(B) Aryabhatta
(C) Bhaskara
(D) None of these
Answer: (B) Aryabhatta
Explanation: The concept of zero as a number and its use in the decimal system is widely attributed to the ancient Indian mathematician Aryabhatta. - What is Nishant?
(a) A remotely piloted vehicle for surveillance and reconnaisance.
(b) An intermediate range Missile
(c) A nuclear submarine
(d) A main Battle Tank
Answer: (a) A remotely piloted vehicle for surveillance and reconnaisance.
Explanation: Nishant is an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV), or remotely piloted vehicle, developed by India’s DRDO for battlefield surveillance and reconnaissance. - Which of the following is correctly described?
(a) Trishul-Surface-to surface missile.
(b) Akash-Intermediate range ballistic missile
(c) Prithvi-multi-target surface to air missile
(d) All are correct.
Answer: None of the options are correct.
Explanation: A review of the missile specifications reveals that all options are incorrectly described. The Trishul is a short-range surface-to-air missile, the Akash is a medium-range surface-to-air missile, and the Prithvi is a surface-to-surface short-range ballistic missile. - Hansa-2 which was in news in 1995, is the name of :
(a) A satellite
(b) A trainer air craft
(c) A submarine
(d) A surface-to-surface missile.
Answer: (b) A trainer air craft
Explanation: Hansa-2, which was in the news in 1995, is an Indian-made trainer aircraft.