Day 7: Science (Inventions & Discoveries)

Here is a list of some important scientific inventions and discoveries that are often relevant for general awareness:

Key Inventions & Discoveries:

• Telephone: Alexander Graham Bell
• Radio: Guglielmo Marconi
• Television: John Logie Baird (early electromechanical), Philo Farnsworth (electronic)
• Light Bulb (incandescent): Thomas Edison
• Steam Engine: Thomas Newcomen (early), James Watt (improved)
• Printing Press: Johannes Gutenberg
• Penicillin: Alexander Fleming
• Theory of Relativity: Albert Einstein
• DNA Structure: James Watson and Francis Crick (with contributions from Rosalind Franklin and Maurice Wilkins)
• Vaccination (Smallpox): Edward Jenner
• Electricity: Benjamin Franklin (experiments), Michael Faraday (principles), Alessandro Volta (battery)
• Theory of Evolution: Charles Darwin
• X-rays: Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
• Periodic Table: Dmitri Mendeleev
• Polio Vaccine: Jonas Salk, Albert Sabin
• Airplane: Wright Brothers (Wilbur and Orville Wright)
• Computer (electronic): Alan Turing (theoretical), various contributors to early machines
• Internet (ARPANET as precursor): Conceptualized by J.C.R. Licklider, developed by ARPA
• Pacemaker: Rune Elmqvist
• Steam Boat: Robert Fulton

20 MCQs on Science (Inventions & Discoveries) (Day 7)

1. Who is credited with the invention of the telephone?
   a) Thomas Edison
   b) Alexander Graham Bell
   c) Nikola Tesla
   d) Guglielmo Marconi1
   
2. The theory of relativity was proposed by which famous scientist?
   a) Isaac Newton
   b) Albert Einstein
   c) Stephen Hawking
   d) Galileo Galilei
   
3. Penicillin, a life-saving antibiotic, was discovered by:
   a) Louis Pasteur
   b) Robert Koch
   c) Alexander Fleming
   d) Marie Curie
   
4. Who is known for his work on the theory of evolution by natural selection?
   a) Gregor Mendel
   b) Charles Darwin
   c) Carl Linnaeus
   d) Jean-Baptiste Lamarck
   
5. The structure of the DNA molecule was famously discovered by James Watson and:
   a) Rosalind Franklin
   b) Maurice Wilkins
   c) Francis Crick
   d) Erwin Chargaff
   
6. The first successful vaccination for smallpox was developed by:
   a) Louis Pasteur
   b) Edward Jenner
   c) Joseph Lister
   d) Robert Koch
   
7. Who is credited with the invention of the radio?
   a) Alexander Graham Bell
   b) Thomas Edison
   c) Guglielmo Marconi
   d) Nikola Tesla
   
8. The incandescent light bulb was invented by:
   a) Nikola Tesla
   b) Thomas Edison
   c) Alexander Graham Bell
   d) Michael Faraday
   
9. The periodic table of elements was organized by:
   a) John Dalton
   b) Antoine Lavoisier
   c) Dmitri Mendeleev
   d) J.J. Thomson
   
10. The first working airplane was invented by:
    a) Leonardo da Vinci
    b) Otto Lilienthal
    c) Wright Brothers
    d) Glenn Curtiss
    
11. The X-rays were discovered by:
    a) Marie Curie
    b) Pierre Curie
    c) Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
    d) Henri Becquerel
    
12. Who developed the polio vaccine?
    a) Edward Jenner
    b) Alexander Fleming
    c) Jonas Salk
    d) Robert Koch
    
13. The steam engine, a key invention of the Industrial Revolution, was significantly improved by:
    a) Thomas Newcomen
    b) James Watt
    c) George Stephenson
    d) Richard Trevithick
    
14. Who is often regarded as the father of the computer?
    a) Bill Gates
    b) Steve Jobs
    c) Alan Turing
    d) Charles Babbage
    
15. The first electric battery was invented by:
    a) Benjamin Franklin
    b) Alessandro Volta
    c) Michael Faraday
    d) André-Marie Ampère
    
16. Who is credited with the invention of the printing press with movable type?
    a) Cai Lun
    b) Johannes Gutenberg
    c) Leonardo da Vinci
    d) Benjamin Franklin
    
17. The concept of the World Wide Web was developed by:
    a) Vint Cerf
    b) Robert Kahn
    c) Tim Berners-Lee
    d) Ray Tomlinson
    
18. The first steam-powered boat was developed by:
    a) John Fitch
    b) Robert Fulton
    c) James Rumsey
    d) William Symington
    
19. Who invented the pacemaker?
    a) Willem Einthoven
    b) Christiaan Barnard
    c) Rune Elmqvist
    d) Andreas Grüntzig
    
20. The principles of electromagnetic induction were discovered by:
    a) Isaac Newton
    b) Albert Einstein
    c) Michael Faraday
    d) James Clerk Maxwell
    

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Answers to the MCQs:

1. b) Alexander Graham Bell
2. b) Albert Einstein
3. c) Alexander Fleming
4. b) Charles Darwin
5. c) Francis Crick
6. b) Edward Jenner
7. c) Guglielmo Marconi
8. b) Thomas Edison
9. c) Dmitri Mendeleev
10. c) Wright Brothers
11. c) Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen
12. c) Jonas Salk
13. b) James Watt
14. c) Alan Turing
15. b) Alessandro Volta
16. b) Johannes Gutenberg
17. c) Tim Berners-Lee
18. b) Robert Fulton
19. c) Rune Elmqvist
20. c) Michael Faraday